Nzira yekusiyanisa pakati peX-Rays, CT uye MRI?

Chinangwa chechinyorwa chino ndechekukurukura marudzi matatu ekurapa kwekufungidzira maitiro anowanzovhiringidzika neruzhinji, X-ray, CT, uye MRI.

Kuderera kwemwaranzi dose - X-ray

X-ray yakawana sei zita rayo?

Izvi zvinotidzosera kumashure makore 127 kusvika muna Mbudzi. Nyanzvi yefizikisi yeGermany Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen akawana chiitiko chisingazivikanwi murabhoritari yake yakaderera, uye ipapo akapedza mavhiki murabhoritari, akabudirira kupwisa mudzimai wake kuti aite sechidzidzo chekuedza, uye akanyora X-ray yekutanga munhoroondo yevanhu, nokuti chiedza chiri. izere nezvakavanzika zvisingazivikanwi, Roentgen akaitumidza kuti X-ray. Kuwanikwa kukuru uku kwakaisa hwaro hwekuongororwa kwezvekurapa kwekufungidzira uye kurapwa. Mbudzi 8, 1895, yakaziviswa kuti International Radiological Day kurangarira iyi nguva-yekuita zvakawanikwa.

X-ray iranzi risingaoneki rechiedza rine urefu hupfupi zvikuru huri mwaranzi wemagetsi pakati pe ultraviolet ne gamma mwaranzi. Panguva imwecheteyo, kugona kwayo kupinda kwakasimba kwazvo, nekuda kwekusiyana kwehuwandu uye ukobvu hwemhando dzakasiyana dzemuviri wemunhu, X-ray inotorwa kusvika kune madhigirii akasiyana kana ichipfuura nemuviri wemunhu, uye X- ray ine ruzivo rwakasiyana rwekudzoreredza mushure mekupinda mukati memuviri wemunhu inopfuura neyakatevedzana yebudiriro tekinoroji, uye pakupedzisira inoumba dema nechena mifananidzo yemifananidzo.

X-rays uye CT zvinowanzoiswa pamwechete, uye vane zvakafanana uye kusiyana. Iwo maviri ane hunhu mukufungidzira musimboti, ese anoshandisa X-ray kupinda kuti aumbe mifananidzo nhema uye chena ine akasiyana attenuation kusimba kwemwaranzi kuburikidza nemiviri yevanhu ine akasiyana matishu density uye ukobvu. Asi panewo misiyano yakajeka:

Kutanga, musiyanonhemapakuonekwa uye kushanda kwemidziyo. X-ray yakafanana nekuenda ku studio yemifananidzo kuti utore mufananidzo. Kutanga, murwere anobatsirwa nekuiswa kwakajairwa kwenzvimbo yekuongorora, uye ipapo girobhu yeX-ray (kamera huru) inoshandiswa kupfura chifananidzo mune imwe yechipiri. Midziyo yeCT inoratidzika se "donut" yakakura pakuonekwa, uye mushandi anoda kubatsira murwere pamubhedha wekuongorora, kupinda muimba yekuvhiya, uye kuita CT scan kumurwere.

Chechipiri, musiyanonhemamumifananidzo yemifananidzo. Mufananidzo weX-ray mufananidzo unopindirana wemativi maviri, uye ruzivo rwemafoto eimwe kutariswa runogona kuwanikwa pane imwe pfuti, ine divi rimwe chete. Izvo zvakafanana nekucherechedza chidimbu chechigunwe chisina kuchekwa sese, uye chimiro chemukati hachigone kuratidzwa zvakajeka. Mufananidzo weCT unoumbwa neakatevedzana emifananidzo yetomography, iyo yakaenzana nekupatsanura chimiro chetishu nedhiza, zvakajeka uye chimwe nechimwe kuratidza zvakawanda uye zvimiro mukati memuviri wemunhu, uye gadziriso iri nani kupfuura X- ray film.

Chechitatu, pari zvino, X-ray mafoto yave yakachengeteka uye yakakura yakashandiswa mukubatsira kuongororwa kwezera remapfupa evana, vabereki havafanirwe kunetseka zvakanyanya nezvekukanganisa kwemwaranzi, X-ray nemwaranzi dose idiki kwazvo. Kune zvakare varwere vanouya kuchipatara kurapwa kwemapfupa nekuda kwekushungurudzika, chiremba anozogadzira zvakanakira uye zvakaipira zveX-ray uye CT, kazhinji sarudzo yekutanga yeX-ray kuongororwa, uye kana X-ray isingagone. zvipembenene zvakajeka kana zvipembenene zvinoshungurudza zvinowanikwa uye hazvigone kuonekwa, CT kuongororwa ichakurudzirwa seyamuro inosimbisa.

Usapesanisa MRI neX-ray uye CT

MRIinotaridzika yakafanana neC CT muchitarisiko, asi kudzika kwayo kwakadzika uye maburi maduku kuchaunza pfungwa yekumanikidzwa kumuviri wemunhu, ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero izvo vanhu vazhinji vachazvitya.

Nheyo yayo yakasiyana zvachose neye X-ray uye CT.

Tinoziva kuti muviri wemunhu unoumbwa nemaatomu, zviri mumvura mumuviri wemunhu ndizvo zvakanyanya, mvura ine hydrogen protons, kana muviri wemunhu wakarara mumagnetic field, pachava nechikamu chehydrogen protons uye pulse. chiratidzo chekunze magineti "resonance", iyo frequency inogadzirwa ne "resonance" inogamuchirwa neanogamuchira, uye pakupedzisira komputa inobata iyo isina simba resonance chiratidzo, ichigadzira dema uye chena musiyano wemufananidzo.

Iwe unoziva, nyukireya magineti resonance haina kukuvara kwemwaranzi, hapana ionizing radiation, yave yakajairika nzira yekufungidzira. Kune zvinyoro zvinyoro zvakadai setsinga, majoini, tsandanyama uye mafuta, MRI inosarudzwa.

Zvisinei, inewo zvimwe zvinopesana, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaderera kune CT, zvakadai sekucherechedza zviduku zviduku zvepulmonary, fractures, etc. CT ndiyo yakarurama. Nokudaro, kana kusarudza X-ray, CT kana MRI, chiremba anoda kusarudza zviratidzo.

Mukuwedzera, tinogona kuona michina yeMRI semagineti yakakura, midziyo yemagetsi iri pedyo nayo ichakundikana, zvinhu zvesimbi zviri pedyo nayo zvichange zvichishambadzirwa pakarepo, zvichiita kuti "missile effect", ine ngozi zvikuru.

Nokudaro, kuchengetedzwa kweMRI kuongororwa kwagara kuri dambudziko rinowanzoitika kune vanachiremba. Paunenge uchigadzirira kuongororwa kweMRI, zvakakosha kuudza chiremba nhoroondo zvechokwadi uye zvakadzama, tevera murairo wenyanzvi, uye chengetedza kuongororwa kwekuchengeteka.

Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti marudzi matatu aya eX-ray, CT uye MRI maitiro ekufungidzira ezvokurapa anozadzisana uye anoshumira varwere.

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Sezvatinoziva tose, kusimudzirwa kweindasitiri yekufungidzira yekurapa haiparadzaniswe kubva mukugadzirwa kweakatevedzana emidziyo yekurapa - majekiseni anosiyanisa ajenti uye ayo anotsigira anobatika - ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya munharaunda iyi. MuChina, iyo inozivikanwa neindasitiri yayo yekugadzira, kune vagadziri vazhinji vane mukurumbira kumba nekune dzimwe nyika kugadzirwa kwemidziyo yekufungidzira yekurapa, kusanganisira.LnkMed. Kubva payakavambwa, LnkMed yanga yakatarisana nemunda weakanyanya-kudzvanya mutsauko ajenti majekiseni. Chikwata cheinjiniya cheLnkMed chinotungamirwa nePh.D. ane makore anopfuura gumi eruzivo uye akabatanidzwa zvakanyanya mukutsvaga nekusimudzira. Mukutungamirira kwake, theCT jekiseni rimwechete remusoro,CT kaviri musoro jekiseni,MRI kusiyanisa agent injector,uyeAngiography yakakwirira-kudzvanywa mumiririri jekiseniakagadzirwa aine aya maficha: iyo yakasimba uye yakabatana muviri, yakanakira uye nehungwaru mashandiro interface, mabasa akazara, kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro, uye dhizaini yakasimba. Tinogonawo kupa majekiseni nemachubhu anofambirana neaya majekiseni ane mukurumbira eCT,MRI,DSA majekiseni Nemafungiro avo echokwadi uye simba rehunyanzvi, vashandi vese veLnkMed vanokukoka nemwoyo wose kuti uuye kuzoongorora mimwe misika pamwe chete.